Anthropometric analysis of normal hip joint using computed tomography scan in central Indian population

• Author Details:   
• Sparsh Jain ^*
• Pradeep Choudhari
• Sourabh Khande

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Background: Hip prostheses currently available for arthroplasty are primarily modelled on the anatomical characteristics of Western populations. As a result, these implants often fail to accurately match the anatomical dimensions of Indian patients, which may lead to postoperative complications and, in some cases, necessitate revision surgeries. Incorporating region-specific anthropometric data, particularly from the Indian population, into prosthesis design could potentially improve clinical outcomes and enhance patient satisfaction. Therefore, this study was carried out to examine the hip joint morphology in the Central Indian population and compare it with other Indian ethnic groups and Western data.

Aim and Objective: To assess the anthropometric parameters of the hip joint using CT scans in individuals with anatomically normal hip joints.

Materials and Methods: This study included 200 individuals, analysing both left and right hip joints. The measured variables were Neck-Shaft Angle (NSA), Head Diameter (HD), Neck Width (NW), Sharp’s Acetabular Angle (AA), Horizontal Offset (HO), Vertical Offset (VO), Canal Diameter (CD), and Acetabular Version (AV). Comparisons were made between right and left sides and across genders. The collected data were also compared with findings from other populations and subjected to statistical analysis.

Results: The average values recorded were: NSA – 133.41°, NW – 3.04 cm, HD – 3.98 cm, AA – 38.9°, HO – 3.7 cm, VO – 4.65 cm, CD – 2.25 cm, and AV – 21.38°.

Conclusion: The findings highlight distinct differences in proximal femur anatomy between the Central Indian and Western populations. Even within India, regional variations in hip morphology exist, underscoring the need for population-specific prosthesis designs.

Keywords: Anthropometry, Hip joint, Neck shaft angle, CT Scan, Acetabular version, Head diameter, Vertical offset, Horizontal offset, Canal diameter, Acetabular angle of sharp, Neck width.